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Several studies have found that vitamin C and vitamin E delay the development of cataracts. Researchers at the University of Sydney reported that supplementing with multivitamins especially vitamin A and vitamin B complex also have a protective effect.

Their study involved 2,873 men and women between the ages of 49 and 97 years who had completed food frequency questionnaires including type, dose and duration of supplement usage. The researchers checked each participant for the presence of cataracts using lens photography and a standard grading procedure.

After adjusting for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, sun exposure, education, and the use of steroids, the researchers concluded that vitamin A and certain B vitamins lowered the risk of nuclear and cortical cataract development substantially.

Thiamin (vitamin B1) was found to lower the risk of nuclear cataract by 40 percent and the risk of cortical cataract by 30 percent in doses greater than 4.4 mg/day. Folic acid and vitamin B12 were found to be strongly protective against both cortical and nuclear cataracts (40-70 percent risk reduction).

Vitamin A was found to be highly protective against nuclear cataract particularly if taken in doses of 3,000 micrograms/day (15,000 IU) or greater (risk reduction of 90 percent). Riboflavin (vitamin B2) and to a lesser extent, niacin (vitamin B3), were also found to be somewhat protective against cortical cataract.

The American Journal of Ophthalmology (Vol. 132, July 2001, pp. 19-26) added that the researchers concluded that dietary vitamin supplement use is associated with a reduced incidence of both nuclear and cortical cataract and could delay their onset.